// 2. Функции като членове на клас. Конструктор, аргументи по 
// подразбиране. Деструктор. Get и set функции. 
//
// Fig. 6.12: time2.h
// Declaration of class Time.
// Member functions defined in time2.cpp.

// prevent multiple inclusions of header file
#ifndef TIME2_H
#define TIME2_H

// Time abstract data type definition
class Time {

public:
   Time( int = 0, int = 0, int = 0); // default constructor
   void setTime( int, int, int ); // set hour, minute, second
   void printUniversal();         // print universal-time format
   void printStandard();          // print standard-time format

private:
   int hour;     // 0 - 23 (24-hour clock format)
   int minute;   // 0 - 59
   int second;   // 0 - 59

}; // end class Time

#endif
/****/
// Fig. 6.13: time2.cpp
// Member-function definitions for class Time.
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;

#include <iomanip>

using std::setfill;
using std::setw;

// include definition of class Time from time2.h
#include "time2.h" 

// Time constructor initializes each data member to zero;
// ensures all Time objects start in a consistent state
Time::Time( int hr, int min, int sec ) 
{ 
   setTime( hr, min, sec );  // validate and set time

} // end Time constructor

// set new Time value using universal time, perform validity
// checks on the data values and set invalid values to zero
void Time::setTime( int h, int m, int s )
{
   hour = ( h >= 0 && h < 24 ) ? h : 0;
   minute = ( m >= 0 && m < 60 ) ? m : 0;
   second = ( s >= 0 && s < 60 ) ? s : 0;

} // end function setTime

// print Time in universal format
void Time::printUniversal()
{
   cout << setfill( '0' ) << setw( 2 ) << hour << ":"
        << setw( 2 ) << minute << ":"
        << setw( 2 ) << second;

} // end function printUniversal

// print Time in standard format
void Time::printStandard()
{
   cout << ( ( hour == 0 || hour == 12 ) ? 12 : hour % 12 )
        << ":" << setfill( '0' ) << setw( 2 ) << minute
        << ":" << setw( 2 ) << second 
        << ( hour < 12 ? " AM" : " PM" );

} // end function printStandard
/****/
// Fig. 6.14: fig06_14.cpp 
// Demonstrating a default constructor for class Time.
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

// include definition of class Time from time2.h
#include "time2.h"

int main()
{
   Time t1;               // all arguments defaulted
   Time t2( 2 );          // minute and second defaulted
   Time t3( 21, 34 );     // second defaulted 
   Time t4( 12, 25, 42 ); // all values specified
   Time t5( 27, 74, 99 ); // all bad values specified

   cout << "Constructed with:\n\n"
        << "all default arguments:\n  ";
   t1.printUniversal();  // 00:00:00
   cout << "\n  ";
   t1.printStandard();   // 12:00:00 AM

   cout << "\n\nhour specified; default minute and second:\n  ";
   t2.printUniversal();  // 02:00:00
   cout << "\n  ";
   t2.printStandard();   // 2:00:00 AM

   cout << "\n\nhour and minute specified; default second:\n  ";
   t3.printUniversal();  // 21:34:00
   cout << "\n  ";
   t3.printStandard();   // 9:34:00 PM

   cout << "\n\nhour, minute, and second specified:\n  ";
   t4.printUniversal();  // 12:25:42
   cout << "\n  ";
   t4.printStandard();   // 12:25:42 PM

   cout << "\n\nall invalid values specified:\n  ";
   t5.printUniversal();  // 00:00:00
   cout << "\n  ";
   t5.printStandard();   // 12:00:00 AM
   cout << endl;

   return 0;

} // end main

/******************************************/
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

class CreateAndDestroy {

public:
   CreateAndDestroy( int, char * );  // constructor
   ~CreateAndDestroy();              // destructor

private:
   int objectID;
   char *message;

}; // end class CreateAndDestroy

// constructor
CreateAndDestroy::CreateAndDestroy( 
   int objectNumber, char *messagePtr )
{
   objectID = objectNumber;
   message = messagePtr;

   cout << "Object " << objectID << "   constructor runs   "
        << message << endl;

} // end CreateAndDestroy constructor

// destructor
CreateAndDestroy::~CreateAndDestroy()
{ 
   // the following line is for pedagogic purposes only
   cout << ( objectID == 1 || objectID == 6 ? "\n" : "" );

   cout << "Object " << objectID << "   destructor runs    " 
        << message << endl; 

} // end ~CreateAndDestroy destructor

void create( void );   // prototype

// global object
CreateAndDestroy first( 1, "(global before main)" );

int main()
{
   cout << "\nMAIN FUNCTION: EXECUTION BEGINS" << endl;

   CreateAndDestroy second( 2, "(local automatic in main)" );

   static CreateAndDestroy third( 
      3, "(local static in main)" );
   
   create();  // call function to create objects

   cout << "\nMAIN FUNCTION: EXECUTION RESUMES" << endl;

   CreateAndDestroy fourth( 4, "(local automatic in main)" );
   
   cout << "\nMAIN FUNCTION: EXECUTION ENDS" << endl;

   return 0;

} // end main

// function to create objects
void create( void )
{
   cout << "\nCREATE FUNCTION: EXECUTION BEGINS" << endl;

   CreateAndDestroy fifth( 5, "(local automatic in create)" );

   static CreateAndDestroy sixth( 
      6, "(local static in create)" );

   CreateAndDestroy seventh( 
      7, "(local automatic in create)" );

   cout << "\nCREATE FUNCTION: EXECUTION ENDS" << endl;

} // end function create

/*****************************************************/
// Fig. 6.18: time3.h
// Declaration of class Time.
// Member functions defined in time3.cpp

// prevent multiple inclusions of header file
#ifndef TIME3_H  
#define TIME3_H 

class Time {

public:
   Time( int = 0, int = 0, int = 0 );  // default constructor

   // set functions
   void setTime( int, int, int );  // set hour, minute, second
   void setHour( int );   // set hour
   void setMinute( int ); // set minute
   void setSecond( int ); // set second

   // get functions
   int getHour();         // return hour
   int getMinute();       // return minute
   int getSecond();       // return second

   void printUniversal(); // output universal-time format
   void printStandard();  // output standard-time format

private:
   int hour;              // 0 - 23 (24-hour clock format)
   int minute;            // 0 - 59
   int second;            // 0 - 59

}; // end clas Time

#endif
/****/
// Fig. 6.19: time3.cpp
// Member-function definitions for Time class.
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;

#include <iomanip>

using std::setfill;
using std::setw;

// include definition of class Time from time3.h
#include "time3.h"

// constructor function to initialize private data;
// calls member function setTime to set variables;
// default values are 0 (see class definition)
Time::Time( int hr, int min, int sec ) 
{ 
   setTime( hr, min, sec ); 

} // end Time constructor

// set hour, minute and second values
void Time::setTime( int h, int m, int s )
{
   setHour( h );
   setMinute( m );
   setSecond( s );

} // end function setTime

// set hour value
void Time::setHour( int h ) 
{
   hour = ( h >= 0 && h < 24 ) ? h : 0; 

} // end function setHour

// set minute value
void Time::setMinute( int m )
{ 
   minute = ( m >= 0 && m < 60 ) ? m : 0; 

} // end function setMinute

// set second value
void Time::setSecond( int s )
{ 
   second = ( s >= 0 && s < 60 ) ? s : 0; 

} // end function setSecond

// return hour value
int Time::getHour() 
{ 
   return hour; 

} // end function getHour

// return minute value
int Time::getMinute() 
{
   return minute; 

} // end function getMinute

// return second value
int Time::getSecond() 
{ 
   return second;
   
} // end function getSecond

// print Time in universal format
void Time::printUniversal()
{
   cout << setfill( '0' ) << setw( 2 ) << hour << ":"
        << setw( 2 ) << minute << ":"
        << setw( 2 ) << second;

} // end function printUniversal

// print Time in standard format
void Time::printStandard()
{
   cout << ( ( hour == 0 || hour == 12 ) ? 12 : hour % 12 )
        << ":" << setfill( '0' ) << setw( 2 ) << minute
        << ":" << setw( 2 ) << second 
        << ( hour < 12 ? " AM" : " PM" );

} // end function printStandard
/****/
// Fig. 6.20: fig06_20.cpp
// Demonstrating the Time class set and get functions
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

// include definition of class Time from time3.h
#include "time3.h"

void incrementMinutes( Time &, const int );  // prototype

int main()
{
   Time t;              // create Time object

   // set time using individual set functions
   t.setHour( 17 );     // set hour to valid value
   t.setMinute( 34 );   // set minute to valid value
   t.setSecond( 25 );   // set second to valid value

   // use get functions to obtain hour, miunute and second
   cout << "Result of setting all valid values:\n" 
        << "  Hour: " << t.getHour()
        << "  Minute: " << t.getMinute()
        << "  Second: " << t.getSecond();

   // set time using individual set functions
   t.setHour( 234 );    // invalid hour set to 0
   t.setMinute( 43 );   // set minute to valid value
   t.setSecond( 6373 ); // invalid second set to 0

   // display hour, minute and second after setting 
   // invalid hour and second values
   cout << "\n\nResult of attempting to set invalid hour and"
        << " second:\n  Hour: " << t.getHour()
        << "  Minute: " << t.getMinute()
        << "  Second: " << t.getSecond() << "\n\n";

   t.setTime( 11, 58, 0 );    // set time
   incrementMinutes( t, 3 );  // increment t's minute by 3

   return 0;

} // end main

// add specified number of minutes to a Time object
void incrementMinutes( Time &tt, const int count )
{
   cout << "Incrementing minute " << count
        << " times:\nStart time: ";
   tt.printStandard();

   for ( int i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {
      tt.setMinute( ( tt.getMinute() + 1 ) % 60 );  

      if ( tt.getMinute() == 0 )
         tt.setHour( ( tt.getHour() + 1 ) % 24 );

      cout << "\nminute + 1: ";
      tt.printStandard();

   } // end for

   cout << endl;

} // end function incrementMinutes